Viral Dynamics in HIV-1 Infection
نویسندگان
چکیده
levels fall to lower steady-state values that vary in differA great deal of progress has been made in understandent individuals and that are predictive of the rate of ing the molecular biology of HIV-1 replication (see redisease progression (Mellors et al., 1996). In untreated views by Cullen [1998], Chan and Kim [1998], and Littasymptomatic patients, the plasma HIV-1 RNA levels man [1998] in this issue of Cell). Nevertheless, critical are typically in the range of 10–10 copies/ml in blood. aspects of AIDS pathogenesis remain to be elucidated. Titers of infectious virus are several orders of magnitude For example, it is still unclear how HIV-1 infection inlower, indicating that much of this plasma virus is defecduces CD4 T cell depletion, which is the central pathotive, decayed, or neutralized. physiologic feature of the disease. It is also uncertain During the asymptomatic phase of the infection, the how the virus persists in the presence of vigorous imlevel of plasma HIV-1 RNA is reasonably stable in a given mune responses.Recently, important insights into these individual in the short run (days to weeks). This reflects complex aspects of the host–pathogen interaction in a quasi–steady state in which virus production equals HIV-1 infection have come from a surprisingly simple virus clearance. The equilibrium has been formalized by approach, the direct measurement of circulating levels Perelson and colleagues in the form of the equation P 5 of free virus. The development of rapid, sensitive, and cV where P is the viral production rate, c is the viral accurate methods for quantitating virus particles in the clearance rate constant, and V is the number of plasma blood has greatly facilitated thestudy of AIDS pathogenvirions (Ho et al., 1995; Perelson et al., 1996, 1997a). esis and the management of patients with HIV-1 infecAt a first approximation, the dynamics underlying this tion. Quantitative competitive RT-PCR is carried out on equilibrium between virus production and virus clearblood and other biological fluids to detect genomic viral ance can be represented as: RNA, which is present at two copies per virion (Piatak
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Cell
دوره 93 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1998